默纳护身符(Menat)

Part of the menat was a plate called an aegis (Greek for "shield"), worn on the chest, to which strands of beaded strings were attached. The other ends of the strings were tied to a counterweight which dangled on the wearer's back.[6] The aegis was often made of faience, but other materials as varied as leather and bronze were also used.[7] It was often inscribed or bore depictions of deities associated with Hathor.

在古埃及宗教中，默纳护身符(Menat)源于哈索尔女神(Hathor)之名，是一种与她密切相关的神器，就像西斯特姆(sistrum)一样。它被哈索尔的女祭司用作拨浪鼓，也被视为牛神阿比斯(Apis)的护身符。默纳护身符是一个垂在胸前的、系着串珠的盾盘(aegis)。盾盘的另一端系在佩戴者背上的平衡锤上。盾盘通常由彩陶制成，但也会使用皮革和青铜等材料，常刻有与哈索有关的神的图案以保好运、防止邪灵。它也是为保护死者前往来世的遗物。自拉美西斯时代（十九和二十王朝）以来，它象征着男子气概。

The necklace was meant to ensure good luck and fortune and to protect against evil spirits. It was also worn for protection in the afterlife and is often found buried with the dead, given as a grave gift since Ramesside times (the Nineteenth and Twentieth Dynasties that comprise the last two-thirds of the period known as the New Kingdom).[8] Worn by women, it was expected to foster fruitfulness and good health, while among men it signified virility